【重点句型讲解】

 1．The aliens took me away so that they could do research on me.

  外星人把我带走以便能对我进行研究。

  ① so that在此句中引导目的状语从句。so that引导目的状语从句时常和can, could, may, might, would等情态动词连用。

  He bought several ties at a time，so that he could have a change at times.

  他一次买了好几条领带以便能不时地换换。

  I packed him a little food so that he would not get hungry on the way.

  我给他包了些食物，他在路上就不会挨饿了。

  ② so that也可以引导结果状语从句。

  He turned up the radio，so that all of us heard it clearly.

  他把收音机声音开大，我们每个人都能听得很清楚。

  The two friends had a quarrel last night，so that their friendship broke off.

  昨晚两个朋友吵了一架，结果他们的友谊也就中断了。

  ③such/so…that. 也用来引导结果状语从句，如果so/such放在句首，句子要用倒装形式。

  He was so tired that he fell asleep as soon as he fell onto the bed.

  →So tired was he that he fell asleep as soon as he fell onto the bed.

  他如此之累，一倒在床上就睡着了。

  He was such a kind old man that he was liked by everyone.

  →Such a kind old man was he that he was liked by everyone.

  他是这么好的一位老人，人人都喜欢他。

  ④比较：so+adj.＋that-clause

  so+adj. +a+单数名词+that-clause

  so many/ few +可数名词复数+ that+ clause

  so much/ little+不可数名词+that-clause

  such a+单数名词+that-clause

  such+adj.+可数名词复数形式／不可数名词+that-clause

  He works so hard that he becomes one of the top students in our school.

  他学习如此用功，成了我校的尖子学生之一。

  We had so little water to drink that we all felt very thirsty.

  我们没有多少水喝，大家都很渴。

  These are such little trees that they need careful attention.

  这些都是幼苗，需要精心呵护。

  Football is such a popular game that everyone，young or old，likes it very much.

  =Football is so popular a game that everyone，young or old，likes it very much.

  足球是如此受欢迎的一项运动，无论老少都喜欢足球。

  He saw such awful dirt in his room that he did not want to return to his room at all.

  他看到房间里讨厌的灰尘，根本就不想回去。

 2．On no occasion in outer space can astronauts take off their spacesuit，which protect them and provide oxygen.

  在外太空，宇航员们在任何情况下都不可以脱下他们的宇航服，因为宇航服能保护他们并给他们供氧。

  以否定词或含有否定意义的短语开头的句子要用倒装句式，常用的这类否定词及短语有never，hardly，seldom，little，no sooner，not only，nor，neither，in no case，by no means等。

  Not only does he like football，he is also fond of playing basketball.

  他不仅喜欢足球，也喜欢打篮球。

  Hardly had I got to the station when the train left.

  我刚到车站，火车就离站了。

  I don’t know，nor do I care.

  我不知道，我也不关心。

  Neither is he a film star，nor is he a director.

  他既不是电影明星，也不是导演。

  Never before have I seen such a person.

  我以前从未见过这个人。

  Seldom did they do experiments to test their ideas in the past.

  过去他们很少做实验来验证他们的想法。

  In no case must force be resorted to.

  决不准许诉诸武力。

  By no means is he considered to be a great explorer.

  他决不被认为是伟大的探险家。

 3．Yeti is said to be healthily built，apelike and hairy.

  据说Yeti体格健壮，长得像猿，身体多毛。

  此句可以转换成：

  It is said that Yeti is healthily built，apelike and hairy.

  类似句型还有：

  It is thought/ reported/ believed/ supposed/ announced/ suggested／…that -clause

  如：

  It is believed that he has been fired by the company.

  →He is believed to have been fired by the company.

  人们认为他已经被该公司解雇了。

  It is reported that a large amount of money has been donated to the Hope Project.

  →A large amount of money is reported to have been donated to the Hope Project.

  据报道，一大笔钱已经捐给了希望工程。

 4．They say that the footprints could have been made by bears or other animals.

  他们说脚印有可能是熊或者是其他动物 留下来的。

  Some scientists even think that these footprints could have been made by people with a pair of large wooden feet.

  有些科学家甚至认为这些脚印有可能是 穿大木屐的人们留下来的。

  It could have found its way to other parts of the world by the land bridge before. Asia broke off from the landmass.

  （该动物）有可能是在亚洲从大陆板块脱离前通过大陆桥到达世界其他地方的。

  could have done“有可能……”，表示对过去所发生的事情的推测。对过去所发生的事情的推测还可以用如下形式：

  must have done

  can’t／couldn’t have done

  may/ might have done

  may/ might not have done

  如：

  Something must have happened or he would have arrived here on time.

  肯定发生了什么事情，否则他会准时到达这儿的。

  It may have rained last night for it is wet on the ground.

  地面上很潮，昨晚肯定下了雨。

  David can’t have broken the window yesterday because he was in the cinema watching Harry Porter at that time.

  玻璃窗不可能是大卫昨天打破的，因为当时他在电影院看电影。

  He knew nothing about Lanzhou. He may not have been there before.

  他对兰州一无所知，他可能没有去过兰州。

 5．I’m certain that he came home that night at around 11 p. m.

  我肯定那晚11点左右他回了家。

  I’m sure that I heard him put on his favourite CD.

  我肯定我听到他放了自己心爱的CD.

  ①当句子的主语是人或是某动作主体时，be sure=be certain。如：

  It is certain/sure to rain tonight；you see，there are lots of dark clouds in the sky.

  今晚肯定要下雨，瞧，天上有这么多黑云。

  I am not certain/sure whether he will come today.

  我不肯定他今天是否会来。

  ②当主语是从句时，只能用certain.

  It is certain that he will come out of prison next month.

  下个月他就要出狱，这是肯定的。

  It is not certain when we are able to move into the new apartments.

  我们什么时候能搬到新公寓去还不确定。